Prime Minister conference 2014.5.15 and May 15th Incident InuYomoto Prime Minister
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The economic policies of Prime Minister Abe! Abe administration, you have support .... The "exercise tolerance", please carefully. Today, but it is you know what day.
(Well, thank you also growth strategy of the third.)
安倍総理大臣! 安倍政権の経済政策は、支持していますが・・・。 「行使容認」は、慎重にお願いします。 今日は、何の日かご存知ですよね。
（第三の成長戦略もしっかり、お願いします。）
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犬養元首相、軍国主義に「心配」 五・一五事件直前の書簡に記す
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Is referred to as the letter " worry " of May 15th Incident InuYomoto just before Prime Minister , to militarism
Today 82 years ago , that 10 days ago , Prime Minister Inukai Atsushimoto Okayama -born fallen to Kyodan of a young officer in the May 15th Incident ( 1855-1932 Years) is , for the movement of military aimed at the State of the Emperor Shinsei that it had expressed concern upgrade does not know from autograph letter addressed to the chief priest of Kurashiki city . While party politics weaken the centripetal force , I have talked about feelings "甚worry ( woefully ) " and the movement to continue with the militarism .
Letter late Mitsunobu Miyake chief priest addressed Kihana ( Konohanasakuyahime ) shrine was instrumental in gaining more seats in the constitutional Seiyukai dog nutrient belongs in the House of Representatives election ( city Fukue ) . Ota Kenichi Sanyo Gakuen large professor emeritus familiar with Japanese modern history has confirmed , and the had been stored at the same shrine shrine office .
It after having thanked statement , the election , Veterans and others raised the military preparedness and the Emperor sovereignty , Inukai mention the political association , imperial way meeting had been plotting to formation and try to Tsuyomeyo ties with the masses . The pour out feelings as " Minoruha甚worry " on and noted the "妨Ru trend research free to older two polarized " . True value of the state is not a filial piety and formal , such as goal of imperial way meeting , should seek a pure " Makoto Seiichi " - argue that .
Just some as " May 5 " The date of the letter , but I found the transmission of the same year from the historical fact that preparations for the imperial way Association was formed in earnest in the fall of 1932 .
Ota emeritus professor has said, " a valuable historical materials that directly indicates that that some forces of the military capture the masses , driving force of fascism movement is large , dog nutrient had a keen sense of crisis " .
15 to 18 , letter be published Kojimaajino city , in the old house Nozaki house .
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犬養元首相、軍国主義に「心配」 五・一五事件直前の書簡に記す
８２年前のきょう、五・一五事件で青年将校の凶弾に倒れた岡山市出身の犬養毅元首相（１８５５～１９３２年）が、その１０日前、天皇親政の国家を目指す軍部の動きに対して懸念を示していたことが、倉敷市内の宮司に宛てた直筆の書簡から分かった。政党政治が求心力を弱める中、軍国主義へと進む動きに「甚（はなはだ）心配」と心情を語っている。
書簡は衆院選で犬養が所属する立憲政友会の党勢拡大に尽力した木華佐久耶比〓（このはなさくやひめ）神社（同市福江）の故三宅光信宮司宛て。同神社社務所で保管されていたのを、日本近現代史に詳しい太田健一・山陽学園大名誉教授が確認した。
犬養は文中、選挙の礼を述べた上で、在郷軍人らが天皇主権や軍備の充実を掲げ、大衆との結び付きを強めようと結成を企てていた政治結社・皇道会について言及。「旧式ニ偏して自由の研究を妨る傾向」を指摘した上で「實ハ甚心配」と心境を吐露。国家の真価は皇道会が目指すような形式的な忠義と孝行ではなく、純粋な「精一の誠」を求めるべき―と主張している。
書簡の日付は「五月五日」とあるだけだが、皇道会結成に向けた準備が１９３２年秋に本格化した史実から同年の発信とみられる。
太田名誉教授は「軍部の一部勢力が大衆を取り込み、ファシズム運動の推進力が大きくなっていることに、犬養が強い危機感を抱いていたことを直接示す貴重な史料だ」と話している。
書簡は１５～１８日、同市児島味野、旧野崎家住宅で公開される。
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Grave Festival InuYomoto Prime Minister outstanding virtue Shinobu Okayama " God of constitutional government "
The 15th falling on the anniversary of Prime Minister Inukai Atsushimoto Okayama -born fallen to Kyodan of a young officer in the May 15th Incident (number - START , 1855-1932 Years) of , in the cemetery of the city , Kita-ku, close to the birthplace Kawairi grave Festival is practiced , I have memory of START , which was called " God of constitutional government ."
Kawairi neighborhood association of local organizers . While Fujimoto Fumio chief priest of absolute reality Institute located near to chanting , about 30 people local residents , relatives and others to burn incense , and hands together quietly . Five sixth grade elementary school of millet ( same Niwase ) was a fight . I was talking , "I want to be an adult to help the person as Inukai -san" (11 ) Dosho children .
There is a " Ki-do-sai " in the ( same Kawairi ) zone InuYoki-do Memorial , there was entertainment of tea and playing koto .
Hiroshi Masuda 's the same town chairman ( 51) has been a renewed willingness to honor the phrase " unless Ika tell for many years to come the great Local that devotes for Japan" .
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「憲政の神様」遺徳しのぶ 岡山で犬養元首相の墓前祭
五・一五事件で青年将校の凶弾に倒れた岡山市出身の犬養毅元首相（号・木堂、１８５５〜１９３２年）の命日に当たる１５日、生家に近い同市北区川入の墓地で墓前祭が営まれ、「憲政の神様」と称された木堂をしのんだ。
地元の川入町内会が主催。近くにある真如院の藤本文雄住職が読経する中、地域住民、親族ら約３０人が焼香し、静かに手を合わせた。吉備小学校（同庭瀬）の６年生５人が献花した。同小児童（１１）は「犬養さんのように人の役に立つ大人になりたい」と話していた。
犬養木堂記念館（同川入）一帯では「木堂祭」があり、琴の演奏や茶の接待があった。
同町内会長の増田宏さん（５１）は「日本のために力を尽くした郷土の偉人を末永く伝えていかなければ」と顕彰への意欲を新たにしていた。
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Or not tolerated " problems with interpretation change
About rather than a constitutional amendment , to be accepted by changing the interpretation of the Constitution , the exercise of the right of collective self-defense , it is critical to be and so there is a problem from the point of view of constitutionalism " state power is bound by the Constitution " and from constitutional scholar has come out .
Of these , it permits to be performed at a change of interpretation , the constitutional amendment substantial that exercise acceptance of " collective self-defense rights , future , breaking from the ground the Constitution , Kobayashi section professor emeritus at Keio University I were those in power If you want to tolerate the exercise of . collective right of self-defense that could produce a dictatorship that can do anything , in the muscle and raises constitutional amendment imposing , it 's get passed by referendum after the controversy national , it it has criticized as " so that the state power would be bound by the Constitution if you did not the " constitutionalism "is ignored .
In terms of Hasebe Yasuo professor of Waseda University , also pointed out, " that it would change at the discretion of the administration at each time the interpretation of the Constitution is a serious damage to constitutionalism ," said Become a likely to be involved in a " military conflict we talk added, " will be also , you can not claim " the exercise of the right of collective self-defense can not be constitutional , " and as before , the loss of a last resort diplomatic negotiations .
So far not hit the force A force " of the minimum required for " self-defense for the Self-Defense Forces , and has been that there is no constitutional violation . Mizushima Asaho professor of Waseda University to war in other countries even though it is " government it is pointed out that admit changes of constitutional interpretation the exercise of the right of collective self-defense applied , and " would then turn over the view that " for self-defense , " which themselves have been building up to this .
On the other hand , the Constitution of " Currently it is not being denied the right to self-defense is an inherent right of each country , NishiOsamu professor emeritus of Komazawa University is one of the right to self-defense in one of the members of the expert meeting will be to discuss the manner of exercise of the right of collective self-defense is Tsu is not inconsistent with constitutionalism . modern , is that not only constrain the state power in the Constitution , and to play an active role in national I talk to asks , added, " we must think proactively with national suffrage are to work to create what the Constitution and the country .
Whether you think you order to discuss the constitutional amendment and interpretation of the Constitution , and that he should focus on the concept of constitutionalism that " to protect the human rights of the people by limiting the power of government " , and has also asked a poll by NHK went last month you . As a result , 71% " should be emphasized " , 11 percent " need to focus on is not " is , people that they should be emphasized has become many .
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「解釈変更による容認」 問題はないか
集団的自衛権の行使を、憲法改正ではなく、憲法解釈の変更によって容認することについて、憲法学者からは「国家権力は憲法によって縛られる」という立憲主義の観点から問題があるなどとする批判が出ています。
このうち、慶應義塾大学の小林節名誉教授は「集団的自衛権の行使容認という実質的な憲法改正を、解釈の変更で行うことを許せば、将来、憲法を土台から壊し、権力者だったら何でもできるという独裁国家を生むおそれがある。集団的自衛権の行使を容認したいのなら、堂々と憲法改正を提起して、国民的な論争を経て国民投票で可決してもらうのが筋で、それをしなかったら国家権力が憲法によって縛られるという『立憲主義』が無視されたことになる」と批判しています。
早稲田大学の長谷部恭男教授も、「憲法解釈をその時々の政権の判断で変えてしまうことは、立憲主義に深刻なダメージを与える」と指摘したうえで、「軍事衝突に巻き込まれそうになっても、これまでのように『集団的自衛権の行使は憲法上できない』と主張できず、外交交渉上の最後の手段を失うことになる」と話しています。
早稲田大学の水島朝穂教授は「政府はこれまで自衛隊について『自衛のために必要な最小限度の実力』であって戦力に当たらず、憲法違反ではないとしてきた。それにもかかわらず他国の戦争に加わる集団的自衛権の行使を憲法解釈の変更で認めると、これまで自分たちが積み上げてきた『自衛のため』という見解をひっくり返すことになる」と指摘しています。
一方、有識者懇談会のメンバーの１人で駒澤大学の西修名誉教授は、「今の憲法はそれぞれの国の固有の権利である自衛権を否定しているわけではなく、その自衛権の１つである集団的自衛権の行使のしかたを議論していくことは立憲主義に反しない。現代は、憲法で国家権力を制約するだけでなく、国家に積極的な役割を果たさせることが求められ、参政権を持つ国民がどういう国と憲法を作っていくかを主体的に考えていかなければならない」と話しています。
憲法解釈や憲法改正を議論するにあたって、「政府の権力を制限して国民の人権を保護する」という立憲主義の考え方を重視すべきだと思うかどうか、ＮＨＫが先月行った世論調査でも尋ねています。その結果、「重視すべきだ」が７１％、「重視する必要はない」が１１％と、重視すべきだという人が多くなっています。
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Direction confirmation that for the acceptance by the prime minister NSC
Around the exercise acceptance of the right of collective self-defense , subject to submission of a report asking you to tolerate exercise to change the interpretation of the Constitution from the experts meeting , four Ministers' Meeting of NSC = National Security Council , Prime Minister Abe exercise shows the basic direction of the government towards the acceptance of , it was confirmed .
Afternoon on the 15th , to open the meeting , Shunji Yanai is based vice minister of foreign affairs , which chaired , experts meeting that Prime Minister Abe has been installed has submitted a report to the Prime Minister Abe .
Pointed out that the development of missile and nuclear North Korea , and activation of ocean expansion of China , the security environment surrounding Japan as being increasingly challenging more , the report maintains the peace and security of Japan , on the go to achieve the peace and stability of the region and the international community , we have that it can not cope well in conventional interpretation of the Constitution .
And hardly think safety of Japan " today and is secured only by the exercise of the right to individual self-defense , in the exercise of the right to self-defense is recognized constitutional " minimum necessary " for the right to collective self-defense of focus , as " should be interpreted exercise of the right of collective self-defense is also to be included , we proposed to approve the use of the right to collective self-defense to change the interpretation of the Constitution . In response to the submission of a report , from 16:00 , Kan Chief Cabinet Secretary and colleagues Abe Prime Minister attended , 4 Open the Ministerial Meeting of the NSC = National Security Council , the government population Prime Minister Abe in this shows the basic direction of how to proceed with consideration towards the acceptance exercise of self-defense , it was confirmed .
Prime Minister Abe has decided to faces the press conference from 18:00 After this , to clarify the basic direction .
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首相 ＮＳＣで容認に向けた方向性確認
集団的自衛権の行使容認を巡って、安倍総理大臣は有識者懇談会から憲法解釈を変更し行使を容認するよう求める報告書の提出を受け、ＮＳＣ＝国家安全保障会議の４大臣会合で、行使の容認に向けた政府としての基本的方向性を示し、確認しました。
安倍総理大臣が設置した有識者懇談会は１５日午後、会合を開き、座長を務める柳井俊二元外務事務次官が、安倍総理大臣に報告書を提出しました。
報告書は、北朝鮮の核やミサイルの開発、中国の海洋進出の活発化などを指摘し、日本を取り巻く安全保障環境は一層厳しさを増しているとして、日本の平和と安全を維持し、地域や国際社会の平和と安定を実現していくうえで、従来の憲法解釈では十分に対応できないとしています。
そして、焦点の集団的自衛権について「今日の日本の安全が個別的自衛権の行使だけで確保されるとは考えがたく、憲法上認められる『必要最小限度』の自衛権の行使の中に、集団的自衛権の行使も含まれると解釈すべきだ」として、憲法解釈を変更し集団的自衛権の行使を容認するよう提言しました。報告書の提出を受けて、政府は午後４時前から、安倍総理大臣や菅官房長官らが出席して、ＮＳＣ＝国家安全保障会議の４大臣会合を開き、この中で安倍総理大臣は集団的自衛権の行使容認に向けて検討の進め方の基本的方向性を示し、確認しました。
安倍総理大臣は、このあと午後６時から記者会見に臨み、基本的方向性を明らかにすることにしています。
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" To the ruling party in consultation exercise tolerance field of view " prime minister conference
Entered the ruling party talks a view to a press conference in response to the submission of a report from the experts meeting , approve the use of the right to collective self-defense in a limited way by changing the interpretation of the Constitution , Abe Prime Minister , the legislation I have expressed the idea to proceed .
Prime Minister Abe a press conference in response to the submission of a report , I have to clarify the basic direction of how to proceed with consideration of the government .
Case of emergency in Japan neighborhood shown as an example that can not be run experts meeting if it does not exercise the right of collective self-defense , Prime Minister Abe has shown in panel a specific example protection of American vessels is requested in this . And it's a time when many Japanese living abroad "Now , you go out abroad . At that location , it is possible that suddenly , conflict occurs . U.S. ally is rescue and transport the Japanese who try to escape from there it was pointed out when it is , may be attacked in Japanese waters . can not Self-Defense Forces to protect the ship of the United States Army Japan itself if it is not under attack even in such a case . this is , "said interpretation of the Constitution .
Moreover legislation to protect the lives and life of " people how can enough remains of traditional interpretation of the Constitution , we need further consideration . When that may affect critical to the safety of " Japan , Limited recommendations of experts meeting may exercise the right of collective self-defense in the manner that " are allowed , forbidden thing take measures of self-defense necessary in order to maintain the peace and security of the country , to fulfill its existence I said that is what it was based on the position of the government of the conventional use of force Orazu , the minimum necessary for that that is acceptable , future , added, " I want to further study . And want to enter the ruling party talks toward a domestic law development that allows for correspondence with no " break , the future, and promote the study of the government taking into account the opinions of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau . Based on the results , the change of constitutional interpretation said that if it is deemed necessary , and " going to the Cabinet determine the basic direction of the legislation to be amended , by changing the interpretation of the Constitution , the ruling party consultation with a view to that approve the use of the right to collective self-defense in a limited way to enter , it was announced the idea to proceed legislation .
On the other hand , emphasis fringes Prime Minister Abe " for such consideration , there is a misunderstanding and ," as the country " Japan to war again, but such a thing is impossible absolutely . Now also go defended the pacifist Constitution listed " and were .
In addition , Prime Minister Abe is , that you have the use of force for self-defense is not prohibited report regardless of whether collective or individual , that there is no restriction of constitutional to participate in the collective security measures of the United Nations About shows the idea of not adopted as government , we said, " that the Self-Defense Forces to participate in combat in the Iraq war and the Gulf War for the purpose of use of force is never in the future " he said.
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首相会見「行使容認視野に与党協議へ」
安倍総理大臣は、有識者懇談会からの報告書の提出を受けて記者会見し、憲法解釈の変更によって限定的に集団的自衛権の行使を容認することを視野に与党協議に入り、法整備を進めていく考えを表明しました。
安倍総理大臣は報告書の提出を受けて記者会見し、政府としての検討の進め方の基本的方向性を明らかにしました。
この中で安倍総理大臣は、有識者懇談会が集団的自衛権を行使しなければ実行できない事例として示した日本近隣の有事の際、アメリカ艦船の防護が要請される具体例をパネルで示しました。そして「今や多くの日本人が海外に住み、海外に出かける時代だ。その場所で、突然、紛争が起きることも考えられる。そこから逃げようとする日本人を同盟国であるアメリカが救助・輸送しているとき、日本近海で攻撃されるかもしれない。このような場合でも日本自身が攻撃を受けていなければアメリカ軍の船を自衛隊が守ることができない。これが憲法の解釈だ」と指摘しました。
そのうえで「国民の命と暮らしを守るための法整備がこれまでの憲法解釈のままで十分にできるのか、さらなる検討が必要だ。『わが国の安全に重大な影響を及ぼす可能性があるとき、限定的に集団的自衛権を行使することは許される』という有識者懇談会の提言は、自国の平和と安全を維持し、その存立を全うするために必要な自衛の措置を取ることは禁じられておらず、そのための必要最小限度の武力行使は許容されるという従来の政府の立場を踏まえたものであり、今後、さらに研究を進めていきたい」と述べました。そして「切れ目のない対応を可能とする国内法整備に向けて、今後、内閣法制局の意見も踏まえつつ政府としての検討を進めるとともに与党協議に入りたい。その結果に基づき、憲法解釈の変更が必要と判断されれば、改正すべき法制の基本的方向を閣議決定していく」と述べ、憲法解釈の変更によって、限定的に集団的自衛権の行使を容認することを視野に与党協議に入り、法整備を進めていく考えを表明しました。
一方で、安倍総理大臣は「こうした検討について、『日本が再び戦争をする国になる』といった誤解があるが、そんなことは断じてありえない。憲法が掲げる平和主義はこれからも守り抜いていく」と強調しました。
さらに、安倍総理大臣は、報告書が個別的か集団的かを問わず自衛のための武力行使は禁じられていない、国連の集団安全保障措置への参加に憲法上の制約はないとしていることについて、政府として採用しない考えを示し、「自衛隊が武力行使を目的に湾岸戦争やイラク戦争での戦闘に参加することはこれからも決してない」と述べました。
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